Ingene virusi ya korona yinjira mu mubiri wacu

Muri ino minsi, ntakindi kivurwa kw’isi atari indwara nshasha abashakashatsi bise covid-19, iyo nayo igaterwa na virusi ya korona (SARS-CoV-2). Ibitigiri vy’abahitanwa niyo ndwara biguma vyiyongera hirya no hino kw’isi. Ivyo bigatuma abatari bake bagira ubwoba.

Muri kino candiko, nkaba nashimye gusangira namwe bimwe muvyo maze kwiga bijanye n’uwo mwansi ahanze isi yose. Ivyo navyo bikamafasha mugutahura ingene nshobora kwandura iyo ndwara hamwe n’ingene noyirinda.

Kimwe muvyo nize kandi nshimye kugarukako n’ukungene virusi ya korona yinjira mu mubiri wacu.

Intambwe ya mbere: ingene uhura na virusi ya korona

Ushobora guhura na virusi ya korona iyo:

• Umuntu amaze kwandura iyo virusi, akoroye, yasamuye, canke ariko aravuga hama utuma (goutelettes), canke amate yiwe bigatarukira k’umubiri wawe.

• Ukoze ku kintu camaze kujako virusi ya korona, kuberako umuntu arwaye aba yagikozeko ubwa mbere.
  Akarorero: ushobora gukora k’urugi rw’umuryango wakozweko ubwa mbere n’umuntu yamaze kwandura iyo virusi. Canke iyo umuntu amaze kwandura virusi ya korona hama yamara gukorora amate yiwe akarwa kuri rwa rugi. Gutyo uwutarandura, ahakoze nawe munyuma agashobora kwandura iyo virusi. Ibi bikamenyeshwa na Jan Pravsgaard Christensen, umwigisha hamwe n’umushakashatsi muri kaminuza ya kopenahagen mu gihugu ca Danmark.  

Menya neza!! Iyo virusi ya korona igiye k’umubiri wawe: nko mu ntoki, kw’izosi canke ku birenge, ivyo ntibisigura yuko wamaze kurwara uwo mugera! Umuntu aza kurwara, iyo virusi imaze kwinjira hagati mu mubiri, iciye mu kanwa, mu mamazuru canke mu mamaso.  

Ikibazo nyamukuru rero nuko kenshi usanga, tuguma twikora mu maso, kuzuru no kumwa, tutabizi. Ivyo navyo bikemezwa n’icirwa cakorewe mu gihugu ca Australia, aho basanze umuntu yikora mu maso incuro zababa 23 zose kw’isaha.

Intambwe igira kabiri: virusi ya korona iramanuka gushika mu nzira z’ihemero (voies respiratoires)

Abashakashatsi barasigura yuko, iyo virusi imaze gushikira umunwa, amazuru n’amaso, ica ibandanya, gushika ishikiriye inzira z’ihemero (voies respiratoires) hamwe n’amahaha. Aho akaba ariho umuntu ashobora guca arwara.

Umuntu ashobora kwibaza ati: “bigenda gute ngo virusi iba iri mu maso, ishobore kwinjira mu mubiri gushika aho ishikira inzira z’ihemero?” Uyundi mushakashatsi wo muri kaminuza ya Danmark, Per Brøndsted Höllsberg, arasigura yuko hari uturingoti duhuza amaso n’izuru. Virusi imaze kugera aho izuru riri iciye muri utwo turingoti, bica vyoroha ko imanuka gushika ishikiriye za nzira z’ihemero.

Intambwe igira gatatu: virusi ya korona irinjira m’uturemangingo (cellules) twawe

Abashakashatsi baremeza kandi ko gushikira inzira z’ihemero vyonyene bidakwiye kugira umuntu ace arwara. Umuntu aza kurwara, iyo virusi yinjiye m’uturemangingo (cellules) tw’umuburi. Iyo imaze kwinjira muri utwo turemangingo, iyo virusi nyene irashobora gukoresha i mashine (machine) za twa turemangingo mugukora ayandi mashusho (copies) yayo. Ivyo bigatuma virusi ya korona ica ikwiragira mu tundi turemangingo twinshi tw’umubiri. Ivyo rero bigatuma umuntu arwara.

Per Brøndsted Höllsberg arasigura kandi yuko, virusi ya korona idashobora kwinjira mu turemangingo utwaritwo twose. Ngo icibonekeza gushika ubu, nuko virusi ya korona ifise inguvu zo kwinjira m‘uturemangingo dutumbereye ahari inzira z’ihemero.

Intambwe igira kane: abasirikare mvukanwa b’umubiri (système immunitaire) bararwana

Virusi ya korona imaze kwinjira mu mubiri, abasirikare mvukanwa b’umubiri (système immunitaire) wacu baca batangura kuyirwanya. Ugize Imana, abo basirikare mvukanwa, barashobora kurwanya igitero ca virusi ya korona imbero yuko utangura kugaragaza ibimenyetso vyuko urwaye.

Intambwe igira gatanu: abasirikare badasanzwe (système immunitaire adaptatif) b’umubiri bararwana.

Hari igihe usanga abasirikare mvukanwa b’umubiri badafise inguvu zikwiye zo kurwanya virusi ya korona. Muri ico gihe, umubiri uca wikora ku bandi basirikare bawo badasanzwe (système immunitaire adaptatif). Abo basirikare badasanzwe b’umubiri bagizwe n’inguvu hamwe n’ubushobozi budasanzwe, bagiye bararonswa igihe cose bashoboye kurwanya izindi ndwara zose, umuntu ahura nazo mu buzima.

Ingorana ica yibonekeza, nuko virusi ya korona ari indwara nshasha, umubiri wacu utari umenyereye. Abasirikare badasanzwe b’umubiri barakenera iminsi ishika nko kuri indwi, kugira babanze kwiga no kumenyera iyo virusi, imbere yuko batangura kuyirwanya. Ivyo bigatangazwa kandi n’umushakashatsi Jan Pravsgaard Christensen.

Intambwe igira gatandatu: Urarwaye.

Ibimenyetso vy’umuntu arwaye indwara ya covid-19, usanga kenshi bisa n’ibimenyetso tumenyereye vy’uwurwaye ibicurane (grippe). Ivyo bimenyetso navyo ni nkibi: kubabara mu muhogo, mu mitsi, kuba ukorora, kuba ufise ubushuhe, umusonga. Rimwe na rimwe, ushobora no kurwara amahaha.

Iciza nuko hari benshi mu bandura iyo ndwara, badasinzikara cane. Abakunda gukarirwa cane niyo ndwara bari mu murwi w’abantu bakuze hamwe n’abantu basanzwe bafise izindi ndwara (uturorero : indwara y’umutima, igisukari canke amahaha).

Intambwe igira indwi : Urakira

Abasirikare b’umubiri bashoboye kurwanya virusi ya korona, benshi mu barwaye barakira neza mu nyuma. Naho ibimenyeshamakuru vyinshi vyo kw’isi biguma bitangaza ibitigiri vy’abamaze guhitanwa n’ico kiza ca virusi ya korona, twibuke yuko hari n’abandi benshi bakira iyo ndwara. Gushika kuri ino saha, abamaze kwandura iyo ndwara ya covid-19 kw’isi, bagera ku gitigiri 472.109. Abamaze guhitanwa nico kiza nabo bagera kuri 21.308. Virusi ya korona ikaba imaze kwibonekeza mu bihugu vyo kw’isi bishika 175.

Ntivyoroshe kumenya igihe umuntu ashobora kumara arwaye iyo ndwara. Kuri bamwe, ibimenyesto vyuko barwaye covid-19 bishobora kumara iminsi mike, vyose bivanye n’ubushobozi bw’abasirikare b’umubiri wabo. Ku bandi naho, ugasanga bararwaye iminsi myinshi, canke hakavamwo n’ abitaba Imana, vyose bivanye nuko boba bari basanganywe izindi ndwara.

Twese dushimikire rero k’uruhara rw’umwumwe wese mubijanye no kwirinda kwandura iyo ndwara hamwe no kuyandukiza abandi. Dukurikize twese impanuro hamwe n’amabwirizwa duhabwa n’abarongozi bacu. Twibuke kugira isuku, cane cane mu gukaraba neza intoki no kutegerana cane n’abandi bantu.

Ukaba wumva iki candiko ari ngir’akamaro, ntiwibagire rero kugisangira n’abandi. Urashobora no kugira ico ushikirije kur’iyi nkuru.

Uruhara Rwanje- ihinduka ritangurira kuri jewe.

Larissa Ininahazwe

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